History of Modern Art
Test I - Slide ID's
Characteristics - Dramatic, ...
Artists - Rubens, Caravaggio, Rembrandt, Bernini
Rococo 1700-1775
Characteristics - Marshmallow space, pastel colors, filigree, undefined light source, playful, painterly
Artists - Boucher, Fragonard, Hogarth
Romantic 1776-1860
Artists - David, Goya, Gericault, Ingres
Romantic Landscapes & Barbizon Painters School
Artists - Constable, Turner, Friedrich,
Carot, Millet (Barbizon Painters School)
Church (Hudson River School)
Romantic Realism
Artists - Bingham, Frith
Hunt, Rossetti (Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood)
Realism 1845-1874
Artists - Courbet, Manet
Impressionism 1874-1886
Characteristics - Emphasized landscape and leisure activities
Artists - Monet, Degas, Renoir
Test II - Slide ID's
Characteristics - More interested in conceptual art,
more interested in formalism,
emphasized line and form,
colors become more brighter, more decorative, and more symbolic than descriptive.
Artists - Seurat, Cezanne, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Toulouse-Lautrec, Munch
The Aesthetic Movement - Arts & Crafts - Art Nouveau
Early Modern Architecture & Early Modern Sculpture
French Expressionism - The Fauves (Wild Beasts)
Artists - Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Rouault, Vlaminck
German Expressionism - Die Brücke (The Bridge)
Characteristics - Their goal was to "Bridge" the gap between the past, present, & future through a style
emphasizing modernity. Influenced by Munch & the bright colors of the fauves, but heavier,
more oppressive, abstract, psychological, & emotional. Influenced by African & Oceanic art,
& is purposefully crude.
Artists - Kirchner, Heckel, Schmidt-Rottluff, Nolde, Müller, Pechstein
German Expressionism - Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider)
Characteristics - Compared to Die Brüke, Der Blaue Reiter is more international in scope,
more sophisticated and intellectual, and less primitive.
Their aim, to stress the spiritual & symbolic properties of natural & abstract forms.
Later works overlap with, & influenced by, both Cubism & Futurism, later works become
more abstract, moving toward non-objective art.
Artists - Kandinsky, Marc, Campendouck, Macke, Jawiensky, Münter, Feininger
The Cubist Revolution - Picasso & Braque
Test III - Slide ID's
Dada / Metaphysical / Surrealism
Later Picasso / School of Paris Between the Wars
American Realism
American Abstract / The New York School
American Abstract - Stylistic IDs
Pop Art / Neo Dada
Op Art / Minimal Sculpture / Photo-Realism
Definitions
Constable snow: white flecks of paint, reflections of light
6-footers: larger than traditional landscapes, making it more important
broken brushwork: little dashes & dabs of paint, painterly
oil studies: undetailed, preliminary versions, usually done in nature
chiaroscuro: Italian for light-dark, the use of highlights and shadows to give an object a three dimensional look
sublime: awesome, larger than life, too great/painful to be comprehended with the finite mind
en plein aire: painted, at least partially, outdoors, with emphasis on fleeting effects of light, shadows, reflections, wind, weather effects (rain, snow, etc)
ephemeral: capturing a fleeting moment that passes away quickly
au premier coup: at the first stroke
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood: Influenced by Early Northern Renaissance, bright vivid colors, lots of symbolism, and very linear
Barbizon Painters School: artists that painted landscapes, they didn't try to elevate the paintings, but did them because they wanted to. Art for arts sake.
Hudson River School: American landscape artists, that started painting in the Hudson Valley, then expanding into the untamed lands of the west as a part of Manifest Destiny
Optical Mixing: painting in dots and dashes of pure color, when the viewer stands back, the eye tends to mix the colors together, but in a more active, energetic way, than colors mixed on the palette.
Hierarchy of Art
2) History and Legends (the older the better)
3) Literature and Poetry (the older the better)
4) Portraits
5) Genre
6) Landscapes
7) Still Life
Misc